PSG has now won the prestigious cup on 14 different times.
Paris Saint-Germain required a dramatic leveler followed by a successful spot-kick decider to overcome their arch-rivals in Kuwait and capture a record-extending fourth consecutive French Super Cup title.
The European champions seemed to be coasting towards a straightforward triumph in the showdown between the French league winners and the French Cup holders after Ousmane Dembele found the scoring early on.
Yet, Marseille struck twice late to take a surprise lead. First, Mason Greenwood scored from the spot-kick, before Willian Pacho inadvertently turned the ball into his own net for an own goal.
In a breathtaking twist of events, Goncalo Ramos snatched a vital equaliser in the dying moments to force the match into a penalty shootout. The Parisian shot-stopper Lucas Chevalier then emerged as the hero, saving crucial attempts from Matt O'Riley and Hamed Traore.
From the spot, Goncalo Ramos, Vitinha, Nuno Mendes, and the young talent all converted successfully for Paris Saint-Germain to complete a convincing shootout victory.
Now 14-time champions Paris Saint-Germain, who faced last season's Ligue 1 second-placed team Olympique de Marseille after completing a domestic double, have now won this competition for the 12th time in the last 13 years.